What note is found on the 1st String at the 5th Fret?

The note found on the 1st string at the 5th fret is E. This can be understood by recalling the standard tuning of the guitar, where the 1st string is tuned to E. When you press down on the 5th fret, you are effectively shortening the vibrating length of the string, raising the pitch. Each fret on the guitar increases the pitch by one half step. Therefore, starting from the open 1st string E and moving up five half steps (E to F, F to F#, F# to G, G to G#, G# to A, and A to B), you arrive at the note B.

This systematic approach of knowing the open string notes and counting up the frets is essential for navigating the fretboard and identifying different notes on the guitar.